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警告是警报消息，它基本上不会引发异常，也不会终止程序。
警告类别如下所示：
warningthis is the base class of all warning category classes. it is a subclass of exception.userwarningthe default category for warn().deprecationwarningbase category for warnings about deprecated features when those warnings are intended for other python developers (ignored by default, unless triggered by code in __main__).syntaxwarningbase category for warnings about dubious syntactic features.runtimewarningbase category for warnings about dubious runtime features.futurewarningbase category for warnings about deprecated features when those warnings are intended for end users of applications that are written in python.pendingdeprecationwarningbase category for warnings about features that will be deprecated in the future (ignored by default).importwarningbase category for warnings triggered during the process of importing a module (ignored by default).unicodewarningbase category for warnings related to unicode.unicodewarningbase category for warnings related to unicode.byteswarningbase category for warnings related to bytes and bytearray.resourcewarningbase category for warnings related to resource usage (ignored by default).
warn() 可以手动发出警告，如下所示：
*备忘录：
第一个参数是 message(required-type:str)。第二个参数是类别（可选-默认：无-类型：警告）。 *如果为none，则设置userwarning。第三个参数是 stacklevel（可选-默认：1-类型：int）。 *它决定警告所指的代码。第四个参数是源（optional-default:none-type:any）。有skip_file_prefixes参数（可选-默认：无-类型：str的元组）：*备注：skip_file_prefixes=必须使用。手动设置 none 会出错。
import warningswarnings.warn(message="This is a warning.")# UserWarning: This is a warning.# warnings.warn(message="This is a warning.")warnings.warn(message="This is a warning.", category=None, stacklevel=1, source=None, skip_file_prefixes=())# UserWarning: This is a warning.# warnings.warn(message="This is a warning.",warnings.warn(message="This is a warning.", category=Warning)# Warning: This is a warning.# warnings.warn(message="This is a warning.",warnings.warn(message="This is a warning.", category=DeprecationWarning)# DeprecationWarning: This is a warning.# warnings.warn(message="This is a warning.",def test1(): warnings.warn(message="Warning 1",stacklevel=-100) warnings.warn(message="Warning 2",stacklevel=0) warnings.warn(message="Warning 3",stacklevel=1) warnings.warn(message="Warning 4",stacklevel=2) warnings.warn(message="Warning 5",stacklevel=3) warnings.warn(message="Warning 6",stacklevel=4) warnings.warn(message="Warning 7",stacklevel=5) warnings.warn(message="Warning 8",stacklevel=100)def test2(): test1()def test3(): test2()test3()# UserWarning: Warning 1# warnings.warn(message="Warning 1",# UserWarning: Warning 2# warnings.warn(message="Warning 2",# UserWarning: Warning 3# warnings.warn(message="Warning 3",# UserWarning: Warning 4# test1()# UserWarning: Warning 5# test2()# UserWarning: Warning 6# test3()# UserWarning: Warning 7# exec(code_obj, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)# UserWarning: Warning 8
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